庫(kù)欣病經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)失敗后的治療方法(Treatment options for Cushing disease after unsuccessful transsphenoidal surgery)
英文簡(jiǎn)介:
Cushing disease is considered an aggressive pituitary endocrinopathy because of the devastating effects from untreated hypercortisolemia. Although they are histologically benign, these adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumors are associated with significant morbidity and premature death. Currently, transsphenoidal surgery is the primary treatment of Cushing disease associated with an ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor, resulting in remission rates ranging from about 50 to 90%. Some patients, however, will not achieve sustained remission after transsphenoidal surgery and can exhibit persistent or recurrent Cushing disease that requires multimodal treatment to achieve remission. In these patients, options for treatment include repeat transsphenoidal resection, radiation therapy (including conventional fractionated radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery), and medical therapy. Despite undergoing multiple treatment modalities, some patients may ultimately require bilateral adrenalectomy for definitive treatment to eliminate hypercortisolemia associated with Cushing disease. In this article, the authors review the treatment options for patients who have persistent or recurrent Cushing disease after unsuccessful transsphenoidal surgery. The indications, current results reported in the literature, and complications of each treatment modality are discussed.
Abbreviations used in this paper: ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone; CRH = corticotropin-releasing hormone; GABA = γ-aminobutyric acid; GI = gastrointestinal; MR = magnetic resonance; SRS = stereotactic radiosurgery.
中文簡(jiǎn)介:
由于未經(jīng)治療的高糖皮質(zhì)激素血癥的損害性影響,庫(kù)欣病被認(rèn)為是一種侵襲性垂體內(nèi)分泌病。盡管在組織學(xué)上是良性的,這些促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素(ACTH)分泌垂體腫瘤與的發(fā)病率和過(guò)早死亡有關(guān)。目前,經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)是與垂體ACTH腫瘤相關(guān)的庫(kù)欣病的主要治療方法,其緩解率約為50 - 90%。然而,有些患者經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)后不能達(dá)到持續(xù)緩解,可能表現(xiàn)出持續(xù)性或復(fù)發(fā)性庫(kù)欣病,需要多模式治療才能達(dá)到緩解。在這些患者中,治療方法包括重復(fù)蝶竇切除術(shù)、放射治療(包括傳統(tǒng)的分步放射治療和立體定向放射外科治療)和藥物治療。盡管經(jīng)歷了多種治療方式,一些患者較終可能需要雙側(cè)腎上腺切除術(shù)來(lái)明確治療,以消除與庫(kù)欣病相關(guān)的高糖皮質(zhì)激素血癥。在這篇文章中,作者回顧了庫(kù)欣病在不成功的蝶竇手術(shù)后的治療方法。討論了各種治療方法的適應(yīng)證、目前文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的結(jié)果和并發(fā)癥。
本文使用的縮寫:ACTH =促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素;CRH=促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素釋放激素;GABA =γ-氨基丁酸;GI=腸胃;MR磁共振;SRS 立體定向放射外科。
庫(kù)欣病是由功能性垂體前葉ACTH腺瘤引起的,是ACTH依賴性庫(kù)欣綜合征較常見(jiàn)的病因。對(duì)于神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生和內(nèi)分泌學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō),庫(kù)欣病的治療仍然具有挑戰(zhàn)性。經(jīng)蝶入路手術(shù)是目前治療垂體ACTH分泌瘤合并庫(kù)欣病的優(yōu)選方法。該手術(shù)提供了快速生化緩解的更佳選擇,長(zhǎng)期效果良好。經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的外科醫(yī)生經(jīng)蝶竇切除術(shù)后的緩解率大約在70%到90%之間。長(zhǎng)期隨訪需要進(jìn)行生化檢測(cè),以發(fā)現(xiàn)腫瘤復(fù)發(fā),因?yàn)殡S著隨訪時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),緩解率下降。雖然許多患者病情完全緩解,但這些腫瘤很難通過(guò)手術(shù)治愈,有些患者可能表現(xiàn)出持續(xù)或反復(fù)的ACTH和高糖皮質(zhì)激素分泌,導(dǎo)致與惡性內(nèi)分泌病相關(guān)的發(fā)病率和死亡率增加。不幸的是,文獻(xiàn)中關(guān)于經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)后內(nèi)分泌學(xué)分析的結(jié)果各不相同,因?yàn)椴煌难芯繉?duì)生化治療有不同的定義。
如果庫(kù)欣病的生化證據(jù)在初次蝶竇手術(shù)后仍然存在或復(fù)發(fā),外科醫(yī)生應(yīng)熟悉可供患者選擇的治療方案,包括重復(fù)蝶竇手術(shù)、放射治療、藥物治療和雙側(cè)腎上腺切除術(shù)。在一些患者中,使用這些治療組合的多模式方法可能是獲得更佳結(jié)果的適當(dāng)策略。為了獲得更佳的結(jié)果,一個(gè)多學(xué)科的團(tuán)隊(duì)方法應(yīng)該在一個(gè)專門的中心進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)。在這篇文章中,我們對(duì)經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)失敗后可用的管理方法進(jìn)行了概述,并根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的結(jié)果,回顧了每種方法的當(dāng)前結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)。
該研究主要人員之一是INC國(guó)際神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生集團(tuán)旗下組織國(guó)際神經(jīng)外科顧問(wèn)團(tuán)(WANG)成員William T. Couldwell教授。William T. Couldwell教授擅長(zhǎng)領(lǐng)域涵蓋腦膜瘤、腦膠質(zhì)瘤、腦動(dòng)脈瘤、顱底手術(shù)、中風(fēng)、創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷、頭部創(chuàng)傷和神經(jīng)重癥護(hù)理等方方面面。擅長(zhǎng)腦膜瘤等腦部、顱底、神經(jīng)腫瘤、垂體腫瘤、癲癇和腦血管神經(jīng)外科等的外科治療。主要研究包括顱底腫瘤的外科管理;腦膠質(zhì)瘤、垂體腺瘤與腦膜瘤中的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)與凋亡;多種神經(jīng)外科疾病如動(dòng)脈瘤和各種腦瘤的遺傳性等。
資料來(lái)源:https://thejns.org/focus/view/journals/neurosurg-focus/23/3/foc.2007.23.3.10.xml
- 文章標(biāo)題:庫(kù)欣病經(jīng)蝶竇手術(shù)失敗后的治療方法
- 更新時(shí)間:2019-11-15 17:01:36